局部地區存在的地方保護主義、CDM機制的不完善，仍然讓風電企業如骨鯁喉。
作為亞洲最大風電企業，龍源電力(00916.HK)的每一個舉動幾乎都影響著國內電力尤其是風電產業的發展。據統計截至2010年11月底，龍源電力已擁有控股子公司112家，其中風電公司97家，新能源項目遍佈全國；發電裝機容量達到7418兆瓦，其中風電5514兆瓦。
在中國現有的風電場中，每四台風機中就有一台印著“龍源風電”的標識。龍源電力所屬風電場主要分佈于中國東北、內蒙古、新疆、甘肅、河北、東南沿海等風力資源豐富地區，覆蓋中國六大千萬千瓦級風電基地。
正是這樣一個公司，此前登陸香港聯交所主板市場時，曾在香港乃至國際資本市場掀起了一股追捧熱潮。龍源電力如何看待目前中國風電市場？
風電新格局
CEI：從目前的情況來看，整個風電行業的發展呈現了哪些新特點？你對目前國內的風機製造商有哪些忠告？
謝長軍：對於未來的形勢，我歸納了幾句話：第一句是世界風電繼續保持快速發展。根據世界風能理事會的最新統計，2010年全球風電新增裝機容量是3580萬千瓦，累計是1.94億千瓦，應該說增長率超過了20%，還是很快的。
第二句話，世界風電格局出現新的變化，2010年新增的裝機容量並不是來自於傳統的風電市場，而是來自於飛速增長的中國市場及其他亞洲市場。美國和歐洲已經放緩。
第三句話，風電機組向大型化、智慧化發展。單機容量逐步增大已成為國際風電市場發展的必然趨勢。目前歐美等國外主力機型是2～3兆瓦的，國內主力機型是1.5兆瓦的，2010年全世界新裝機組的平均單機容量為2兆瓦左右(2009年1.6兆瓦)，隨著海上風電的迅速發展，單機容量為3～6兆瓦的風電機組已經開始商業化運營。
第四句話，CDM(清潔發展機制)機制到期後存在不確定性。雖然在目前的電價制定思路中，本來沒有將CDM項目收益考慮在內，但是，在激烈的風電開發競爭面前，許多風電開發商都將CDM收益作為彌補資源評價可靠性、設備品質、運營維護能力等不足所帶來損失的重要途徑。因而，2012年後CDM機制的不確定性，必將影響開發商的積極性。
風電產業存在的四個問題
CEI：在你看來，中國風電產業現在除了面臨並網難、風機品質問題之外，還存在哪些主要的問題？
謝長軍：我認為，中國風電產業還存在幾個問題。首先就是風電設備製造業產能過剩問題凸顯。比如，2010年全國新增風電裝機為2000萬千瓦，僅華銳、金風、東汽、聯合動力、明陽等五家企業的產能就超過上述容量。另外，丹麥維斯塔斯、西班牙歌美颯、美國GE等國際風機製造業巨頭紛紛在中國建立生產基地，市場競爭之激烈前所未有。
第二，人才匱乏是制約我國風電產業核心競爭力的關鍵。由於我國風電發展過快，各類設計、製造、風資源評價、檢測認證等技術人才奇缺，尚未建立長期的人才培養和人才引進戰略機制。現在只有極少數高校設置相關專業，很多企業都只是通過實踐來培養人才。
第三，局部地區存在地方保護主義。由於風電開發對拉動就業、增加稅收的作用不如風電設備製造企業明顯，不少地方政府提出了“資源換市場、市場促發展”的思路，要求風電開發企業優先使用本地生產的風電機組，或者直接與設備製造廠家捆綁引入，這一定程度上促使風電設備製造產業形成了低水準重復建設的不良局面。第四，可再生能源基金延後支付影響當期現金回收。目前風電電價補貼收入一般延後6~12個月支付，使風電企業形成較大的應收賬款，不利於企業合理安排資金，影響企業經營效益。
CEI：風電產業前幾年小跑前進，現在突然慢下來了。你分析是什麼原因？
謝長軍：應該說前幾年沒什麼問題。因為每年新增1000多萬千瓦的風電裝機容量在中國這樣一個大的國家也是可以的，但是因為風電發展快了，電網的建設跟不上，嚴重滯後，這樣導致有些風電在建成之後不能及時發電。現在電網正在建設一些大的輸送線路，像去年甘肅酒泉已經建成了750千伏的輸電線路，400多萬千伏的電可以送出來。這個問題兩三年之後可能會得到解決。
5年後風電再次加速
CEI：作為亞洲最大的設備供應商，2011年龍源電力在市場開發上的策略上有哪些變化？
謝長軍：現在很多中國發電企業發展得比較快，但現在電網的制約還比較嚴重。所以，我們2011年還是投產200萬千瓦，開發的策略是從一些高度集中地區向一些分散地區轉移。2011年投產的項目可能將涉及16個省區。我們會分散開發，不會集中在一處開發，這樣對我們未來的發展可能都會有好處。同時，我認為陸地風電資源有限，所以就開始在海上建設項目，現在的試點主要還在江蘇。目前在天津建了兩個5萬項目，這些是為下一步做海上風電準備。
CEI：你曾表示，中國的風電行業需要實現“三個轉變”，這三個轉變分別是指什麼？
謝長軍：對於我國風電行業未來發展的方向，我認為，需要進行三個轉變：第一，從追求發展速度向追求發展品質轉變。現在風電產業的發展速度我們是有目共睹的，但是風機品質等問題是我們必須正視的問題。第二，從追求裝機容量向追求風電電量轉變。我們說國內的裝機容量為4300萬，4300萬乘以2200小時，那就是中國風機電電量總數了，如果沒有這個數，那就不對。第三，從集中大規模開發向大規模、分散開發相結合轉變。如何理解，就是現有七大風電生產基地，有4個都開始限電了。現在應該是基地建設和分散建設相結合，有些內陸城市，如甘肅酒泉還要啟動二期，我真得歡迎，因為這樣我會有項目可做，但是二期啟動了，一期發電是否能夠全部輸送出去，還很令人擔心。
2011年4月13日 星期三
2011年1月17日 星期一
GE Eyes Green Datacenters With $520 Million Acquisition
Welcome Lineage Power Holdings to the GE family. As we warned you, green IT will be a massive market in 2011.
General Electric today said it will spend $520 million to acquire Lineage Power Holdings, a company that specializes in fine-tuning power for servers, storage devices and other equipment inside datacenters.
GE bought the company from the Gores Group. Lineage pulled in $450 million of revenue in 2010.
Lineage's products, in a nutshell, take high-voltage AC power from the grid and turn it into steady streams of power for datacenters. The portfolio includes AC-DC converters, DC-DC converters, equipment for DC datacenters and other components.
Green IT stands as one of the largest potential markets in clean energy and efficiency. Datacenters only account for approximately 2 percent of U.S. electricity consumption. Utilities, however, are in many parts of the country capping the power that datacenters can buy. This puts banks and web companies like Google in an uncomfortable position: either don't grow your business or find ways to squeeze out more calculations per watt.
As a result, green datacenter equipment isn't an option like solar panels or fuel cells might be. It has become a necessity. Mike Dauber at Battery Ventures points out that one company recently calculated that to build its dream datacenter, it would have to build it next door to the Hoover Dam to get enough power.
Some of the ideas out there include more efficient cooling and better monitoring of weather conditions inside datacenters (SynapSense) application shifting (Power Assure) liquid cooling (IBM), better power supplies (Google) switching from Intel processors to ARM processors (Calxeda, Freescale, Marvell, Nvidia), more efficient servers that use Intel's Atom processors for phones (SeaMicro), putting datacenters in caves (Helsinki has a datacenter in a WWII-era bomb shelter) and LED lights (Redwood Systems). (I have the hots for this subject; have you noticed?)
One of the more novel ideas: running datacenters completely on DC. In the usual scenario, power is converted from AC to DC and vice-versa, several times before it actually performs any work in the server. Each conversion wastes power. In a DC datacenter, high voltage AC gets converted at the front door, so to speak, and then distributed and consumed as high (or low) voltage DC thereafter. Both Validus DC Systems and Nextek Power Systems have equipment for running datacenters and buildings on DC.
Lineage has more efficient AC-DC equipment, as well as DC equipment, so it will give GE a wide variety of options.
Who might get bought next? Rumors have swirled around Validus, which works with GE, IBM, and Oracle (via Sun). Nextek gets visitors regularly from companies and government officials in Asia. And the rest of those guys above are somewhat attractive, too.
Like ABB and Siemens, GE has been snapping up acquisitions. Other recent buys include Dressner, an infrastructure company, and Wellstream Holdings, an industrial pipe maker.
General Electric today said it will spend $520 million to acquire Lineage Power Holdings, a company that specializes in fine-tuning power for servers, storage devices and other equipment inside datacenters.
GE bought the company from the Gores Group. Lineage pulled in $450 million of revenue in 2010.
Lineage's products, in a nutshell, take high-voltage AC power from the grid and turn it into steady streams of power for datacenters. The portfolio includes AC-DC converters, DC-DC converters, equipment for DC datacenters and other components.
Green IT stands as one of the largest potential markets in clean energy and efficiency. Datacenters only account for approximately 2 percent of U.S. electricity consumption. Utilities, however, are in many parts of the country capping the power that datacenters can buy. This puts banks and web companies like Google in an uncomfortable position: either don't grow your business or find ways to squeeze out more calculations per watt.
As a result, green datacenter equipment isn't an option like solar panels or fuel cells might be. It has become a necessity. Mike Dauber at Battery Ventures points out that one company recently calculated that to build its dream datacenter, it would have to build it next door to the Hoover Dam to get enough power.
Some of the ideas out there include more efficient cooling and better monitoring of weather conditions inside datacenters (SynapSense) application shifting (Power Assure) liquid cooling (IBM), better power supplies (Google) switching from Intel processors to ARM processors (Calxeda, Freescale, Marvell, Nvidia), more efficient servers that use Intel's Atom processors for phones (SeaMicro), putting datacenters in caves (Helsinki has a datacenter in a WWII-era bomb shelter) and LED lights (Redwood Systems). (I have the hots for this subject; have you noticed?)
One of the more novel ideas: running datacenters completely on DC. In the usual scenario, power is converted from AC to DC and vice-versa, several times before it actually performs any work in the server. Each conversion wastes power. In a DC datacenter, high voltage AC gets converted at the front door, so to speak, and then distributed and consumed as high (or low) voltage DC thereafter. Both Validus DC Systems and Nextek Power Systems have equipment for running datacenters and buildings on DC.
Lineage has more efficient AC-DC equipment, as well as DC equipment, so it will give GE a wide variety of options.
Who might get bought next? Rumors have swirled around Validus, which works with GE, IBM, and Oracle (via Sun). Nextek gets visitors regularly from companies and government officials in Asia. And the rest of those guys above are somewhat attractive, too.
Like ABB and Siemens, GE has been snapping up acquisitions. Other recent buys include Dressner, an infrastructure company, and Wellstream Holdings, an industrial pipe maker.
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